D mcba livingston



' ments in Radiators, of which the UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE.

D McRA LIVINGSTON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

RADIATOR.

Specification of Reissued Letters Patent. Reissue-d M31, 30, 1920,

Original N0. 1,239,495, dated September 11, 1917, Serial No. 61,995,filed November 17, 1915. Application for To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, D MoRA LIVINGSTON, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, county and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improveis a full,clear, and concise description.

. My invention relates to cellular radiators employed on automobiles.larly, the invention relates to tor in which hexagonal air cells areformed .jointly by opposite walls of two corrugated by an intermediateradiatfl presenting three sides of expanded cells 15 thus .-.'producedare sepawater tubes and I unit.

he present invention is characterized by an expanded radiating elementin single plate is expanded at intervals in opposite directions-to formparallel hexagonal cells in the radiating element, the respective cellsbeing separated by and alternating with unexpanded members presentingplane zones, a complete hexagon being formed for the front end of each;cell by expanding the end portion of the platein the'same direction asthe adjacent part thereof and foldin the 'unexpanded" metal 'back' uponitsel en the expanded radiating-element is assembled with water-tubes,with fins at the salients as hereinafter described, the corrugations andfins ofv whichqpresent alternately three and five sides of'a hexagomsaidtubes will form jointly with saidelement, cells at the sides of theexpandedcells and in a horizontal row therewith and will formfurthermore, with said element, additional cells in horizontal alinementat, opposite sides of the plane zones. Among v .by the construction'-thus briefly characterized, are lightness with radiating surface .withof metal, and a facility of assembling the various-parts and solderingthe same without danger of crushing the walls of the strength, and amplewater-tubes, as will more clearlyappear asthe description proceeds.

Reference is to be had to the accompanyof this specifiviews."

, .Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section of a portion of theradiating section of a radi ator embodying'my invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view proved r'adiating element, and

following More particu-' a type of radia which a l7, and these thepurposes served 7 a min mum amountunexpanded members 14,

reissue filed June 26, 1919. Serial No. 307,013.

Fig. 3 is a tionv showing end of the itself to form a complete hexagon.

In the of my invention the numeral 10 indicates my improved radiatorelement and the nuimproved radiating element is formed from a plate ofsingle thickness and at intervals the same is expanded laterally atopposite. sides to produce members 12 and 13, constitut ng respectivelyplate is cut and folded back upon illustrated practical embodiment.meral- 11 designates two Water tubes. The

ing plane zones running at the median line of said cells. A completehexagonal configuration is given to the front. of each cell formed bythe'element '10 'by expanding the adjacent members 12 and 12 of saidplate in the same direction or on the same side thereof and then foldingthe unexpanded member. 14 over upon itself, as shown at 14?. v v

The respective walls-of the water tubesll are indicated generally by thenumerals 16, have radiating fins 18 formed by; folding the material onitself. The said lengthwisewith the cells and disposed parallel witheach other fins 18 are disposed alternately in opposite v I directionsat depression presented bythe corrugated wa angles to the horizontal atthe salients of the walls 16, 17. Thus, 'at-each' ter tube at a sidetoward'the radiatingele-- ment lO, the depression will present threesides of a hexagon and two adjaCGIItCQHT.

will form two wallsof-the-- The tubes and radiating ele H -ment areassembled so that the remaining verging fins 18 said hexagon.

Wall of the hexagonal cell will .be formed by a sideof-an expanded cellof the radiating element, the terminals of the fins 18 contacting with awall of an expanded cell at aside thereof, the fins ranging oblique tothe horizontal. There will thus be formed jointly by the water tubes andthe radiating element at-the sides of theexpanded cells 15, cells 15.additional cells 15" at Topposite sides of the and jointly by members ofadjacent cells 15 the said unexpanded members 14, and the members of therespective water tubes 11. The cells, 15, 155, will alinehorizontallywith one .an

and provides the maximum number of ra- ,diating members. A lightconstruction obtained with 'the maximum rnumber of cells, there being ahorizontal row of; three air cells alternating with a horizontal row,

of two cells. Also, although" obtaining a large number ofair cells, an,eflicient total number of water tubes is employed in a radiator ofgiven size since the lateral projection of the fins 18 is less becauseof the obliquity of the said fins than would be the lateral projectionof horizontally disposed' Furthermore,.by constructing or forming thefront of each cell as herin'explained, the face of a radiator in whichmyinvention 1.

is incorporated will have a finished and .smooth appearance which wouldnot 'be ,saidiplate rows of hexagonal expanded cells 'separated bymembers presenting plane unexpanded zones, said tubes forming with thesaid element hexagonal cells at -o posite" sidesof the expanded cellsand in horizontal otherwise obtainable. V-

y In practice, I prefer to form on the plate 10, pro'ecting members20,-adjaeent to and at each side of the salients presented by theexpanded members 12, 13. The said projecting members 20 are'produced bypress-' ing the material of the plate outwardly to form, in efl'ect, aV-groove,.whichreceivesv the'termin'als of the fins 18 on the respectivewater tubes 11. Y

lclaimz" 1. In a radiator, a radiating element ofhexagonal cellularconstruction formed of a.v plate of single thickness, expanded atintervals'alte'rnately in opposite directions to form opposed" walls of'parallel' cells sepa-- rated by unexpanded zones of a single thickness,the said plate at the front end being 1 returned on itself, the returnedportions following the said unexpandedzones and folthe lines at one sideof each-cell. radiator, including a pair of water convergent us an anintermediate radiatingelement formed of a single plate expended atspaced intervals in opposite directions forming-opposite walls, of aplural- ,ity of hexagonal cellsalternating with non-f cellular mernbers,the said element and thesaid water tubes and their convergent finsforming hexagonal cells additional to the expanded cells of theradiating'element.

3. In 'a radiator,.a pair of water tubes having corrugated walls, and anintern1edi.--w ate radiating element consisting of-a plate of-singlethickness expanded at spaced in tervals in opposite directions to [formin of single thickness expanded at space said element a series ofhexagonal cells separated by intervening unexpandedzon'cs, the

walls of the said water tubes adjacent to the said radiating .elementpresenting members forming, with the said ,elem'ent, cells ment a seriesofhexagonal cells, separated 1 by intervening plane unexpanded members,

' the walls of the water tubes adjacent to the said element presentingmembers forming, with said element, cells at the side of and in:horizontal alinement with the expanded cells,. and additional cells atthe opposite sides of thesaid plane members, said addi- .tional cellsbeingjin horizontal alinement.

a radiator, a'pair of water tubes having corrugated walls, and anintermediate radiating element consisting of a plate .ofsingle thicknessexpanded at spaced intervals in-opposite directions to form in'alinement the'rewith, and additional cells in other.

, 6.; In a radiator, a pair. of water tubes having corrugated walls, andan' intermediate radiating'element consisting of a plate intervals inopposite directions to form in said .plate rows of hexagonal expandedcells separated by members presenting jplaneunexpanded zones, theangular corrugations of said watertubes presenting at each depressionjthereof members forming three sides of a hexagon and there being fins onsaid tubes at eachjsalient of the tubes, said fins atithe ends: of eachdepressionbeing convergent, said tubes forming with the said elementhexagonal cells at opposite sides.

of 'the expanded cells and in horizontal opposite sides-of the saidplane zones, those lcells horizontal alinement presenting vertical outerside wall members and vertical separating members parallel with one: an-

other. 7 Anexpanded cellular element formed :of a plate of singlethicknessexpanded at intervalsat opposite directions to form 130rallnement therewith, and additional cells in horizontal, alinementwith'each other at the 100 .cells in horizontal alinement presentingvertical-ou'ter side wall members and vertical separating membersparallel'with one. an-- Walls at opposite sides of parallel cellsseparated by unexpanded zones of a single thickness, the said plate atthe front end being folded on itself, the folded portion following thelines at one side of each cell.

8. An expanded cellular element formed of a plate of single thicknessexpanded at intervals in opposite directions to form Walls at oppositesides of parallel cells separated by unexpanded zones of a singlethickness, the said plate at the front end being folded on itself thefull portion following the lines at one side of each cell and followingthe unexpanded zones.

9. An expanded cellular element consisting of a plate expanded atintervals laterally in opposite directions to present members atopposite sides of rows of cells, the said plate at the front of eachcell having Wall members directly opposite each other.

10. An expanded cellular element consistingof a plate expanded atintervals laterally in opposite directions to form portions of the cellWall disposed in staggered relation to each other, the front end of saidplate being expanded and folded uponitself to obtain the configurationof the complete Wall of the cell.

11. A radiator having a cellular-element formed from a plate of'singlethickness expanded at intervals laterally in opposite directions toprovide surfaces adapted to cooperate with other surfaces to form thecomplete cell wall, the surfaces formed by the expansion of said platebeing disposed in staggered relation to each other, one end of saidplate being expanded in the same direction as the adjacent surface andfolded over upon itself to obtain a complete configuration of the cellWall.

13 mm LIVINGSTON.

